What Are The Types Of Gas Shielded Welding Droplet Transfer

What are the types of gas shielded welding droplet transfer

What is a free transition? What are the forms of free transition?

The process of the droplet leaving the welding wire and flying freely to the molten pool through the arc space is called free transition. During the transition process, the welding wire and the molten pool do not short-circuit.

Free transition is divided into three forms: large drop transition, jet transition and fine particle transition.

(1) Big drop transition

This type of transition appears in MIG welding where the welding current is small and the arc voltage is large, and it can be divided into large-droplet transition and large-droplet rejection transition.

①Big drop dripping transition

In MIG/MAG welding, the force of the droplet is symmetrical along the axis of the welding wire, and when it grows to a certain extent, it separates from the welding wire and falls into the molten pool along the axis of the welding wire.

②Big drop rejection transition

In the process of low current CO2 welding, the droplet deviates seriously from the wire axis and is often thrown out of the molten pool.

(2) Jet transition

This transition form occurs in MIG/MAG welding using argon-rich gas. When the welding current is large and the arc voltage is high, the molten liquid metal at the end of the welding wire passes through the arc space at a small size and at a fast speed, and transitions into the molten pool. This transition form is divided into two types: droplet transition and jet transition.

①Transition of droplets

The diameter of the transition droplet is close to the diameter of the welding wire. Usually one drop is completed and then another drop is transferred. The transition speed is very fast, as if it shoots drop by drop to the molten pool. Therefore, it is called droplet transition. In the MIG welding of alloys and pulse MAG welding of steel, this transition mode also exists in submerged arc welding.

② Jet transition

The molten liquid metal at the end of the welding wire is sharpened by the arc force into a pencil tip shape, and the droplets are shot from this part one by one to the molten pool in a small size, the diameter of which is much smaller than the diameter of the welding wire. Due to the high frequency of droplet transition, it seems that there is a continuous beam from the end of the welding wire to the molten pool, so it is called jet transition, as shown in Figure b). This transition mainly occurs in MAG welding of steel.

(3) Fine grain transition

This transition form appears in the CO2 welding process where current and voltage are both large. The droplet size is small and the transition acceleration is faster. This transition form is similar to the droplet, but the axiality is poor and the splash is larger.

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